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Original Article

Eco Friendly Bottle Reverse Vending Machine

Karuna S P1 Prafulla P S2 Charishma Anuraj3 Kiran H J4 Jeevan Gowda A N5

1 2 3 4 5 Students, Department of ECE, BGS Institute of Technology, Adichunchanagiri University, B G Nagar, Karnataka, India. 2 Assistant Professor, Department of ECE, BGS Institute of Technology, Adichunchanagiri University, B G Nagar, Karnataka, India.

Published Online: May-August 2025

Pages: 26-31

Abstract

The Bottle Dispenser is an automated recycling system designed to promote waste management and environmental sustainability. It efficiently detects, weighs, classifies, and rewards users based on the type and weight of the bottle they deposit. The system is powered by an ESP32 microcontroller, which processes data from multiple sensors and controls motorized operations. An IR sensor detects the presence of a bottle, while a load cell measures its weight. A metal sensor determines whether the bottle is metal or non-metal, and two servo motors direct the bottles into their respective collection bins. To encourage recycling, the system rewards users based on the weight of the deposited bottle. A third servo motor activates a coin dispenser to provide a corresponding reward. Additionally, an LCD display presents real-time system updates, including bottle type, weight, and reward details, ensuring a transparent and interactive user experience. The system can be deployed in public spaces such as malls, parks, offices, and recycling stations to promote responsible waste disposal and incentivized recycling.

References

  • 1. Espressif Systems – ESP32 Technical References Manual.Retrieved from https://www.espressif.com

  • 2. Texas Instruments – IR Sensor Working and Applications. Retrieved from https://www.ti.com

  • 3. Honeywell – Load Cell Sensors: Principles and Applications. Retrieved from https://www.honeywell.com

  • 4. Omron Corporation – Metal Detection Technology in Recycling Systems. Retrieved from https://www.omron.com

  • 5. United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) – Plastic Waste Management and Recycling Strategies. Retrieved from

  • https://www.unep.org

  • 6. World Economic Forum – The Circular Economy: Reducing Plastic Waste through Technology. Retrieved from https://www.weforum.org

  • 7. IEEE Xplore – IoT-based Smart Waste Management Systems: A Review. Retrieved from https://ieeexplore.ieee.org

  • 8. International Journal of Smart and Sustainable Technologies – Automated Recycling Systems Using AI and IoT Integration.

  • 9. Coca-Cola Smart Recycling Initiatives – Retrieved from https://www.coca-colacompany.com

  • 10. Reverse Vending Machine Research – European Union Recycling Policies. Retrieved from https://ec.europa.eu

  • 11. Arduino – Ultrasonic Sensor HC-SR04 User Guide. Retrieved from https://www.arduino.cc

  • 12. Raspberry Pi Foundation – GPIO Pinout and Programming Guide. Retrieved from https://www.raspberrypi.org

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  • 14. STMicroelectronics – Servo Motor Control Using PWM. Retrieved from https://www.st.com

  • 15. National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) – Plastic Recycling Guidelines. Retrieved from https://www.nist.gov

  • 16. World Health Organization – Environmental Impact of Plastic Waste. Retrieved from https://www.who.int

  • 17. United Nations Environment Programme – Strategies for Reducing Plastic Waste. Retrieved from https://www.unep.org

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  • 19. Honeywell – Proximity Sensors and Applications. Retrieved from https://www.honeywell.com

  • 20. Maxim Integrated – Power Management for Embedded Systems. Retrieved from https://www.maximintegrated.com

  • 21. Adafruit – Guide to OLED Displays for Microcontrollers. Retrieved from https://www.adafruit.com

  • 22. Nordic Semiconductor – Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) Protocol Guide. Retrieved from https://www.nordicsemi.com

Citations

Karuna S P, Prafulla P S, Charishma Anuraj, Kiran H J , Jeevan Gowda A N, “Eco-Friendly Bottle Reverse Vending Machine”, Indian Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Volume 02, Issue 02, May-August 2025, PP: 26-31.

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Licensing

© 2026 The Author(s). Published by Fifth Dimension Research Publication.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ ), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. The terms on which this article has been published allow the posting of the Accepted Manuscript in a repository by the author(s) or with their consent.